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Miscanthus giganteus - gigabit ethernet network card manufacturer - CWDM Tranceiver manufacturer
Miscanthus physiology
M. giganteus is a C4 plant, and thus exhibits greater photosynthetic efficiency and lower water use requirements than other kinds of plants. It has very low nutritional requirements it has high nitrogen use efficiency and therefore is capable of growing well on barren land without the aid of heavy fertilization. M. giganteus is a sterile hybrid, and therefore propagates vegetatively through its rhizomes. This quality makes it attractive for growth in areas foreign to M. giganteus it is a completely non-invasive species. Additional researched benefits of M. giganteus include its ability to sequester carbon into the earth.
Comparison to corn ethanol
Compared to other ethanol inputs, giant Miscanthus grass produces more mass overall, as well as more ethanol. For example, a typical acre of corn yields around 7.6 tons of input per acre and 756 gallons of ethanol. Giant Miscanthus is capable of producing up to 20 tons of biomass and 3,250 gallons of ethanol fuel.
Another major benefit of Miscanthus grass is that it is not a food crop. Corn-based ethanol, which is the version most people are familiar with, is based on creating fuel from a product that could be used to feed people. When market forces change the demand for corn, prices can fluctuate wildly, deeply affecting the ability of many to purchase food. Since Miscanthus grass is not a food crop, changes in demand will not have a direct effect on the price of food.
Comparison to timber and other grasses
Wood timber is one of the worst sources for ethanol production. At a maximum of four tons per of biomass per acre, and around 520 gallons of ethanol produced, it is a relatively poor performer, compared to Miscanthus's 3,250 gallons. While this may seem like an unfair comparison, Miscanthus even outperforms other grasses, such as switchgrass, which yields around 3-6 tons of biomass and 400-900 gallons of ethanol fuel.
Funding and research
Large colleges, such as the University of Illinois, Mississippi State University and University of Georgia have committed several years and large portions of money to studying ethanol production in general. Along the way, some, such as UI and MSU, have dedicated entire programs to researching the benefits of Miscanthus grass as an ethanol feedstock.
Uses
Research trials being conducted in the United Kingdom, United States and Ireland are making strides towards developing Miscanthus giganteus as a source of biomass for the production of energy either for direct combustion or through cellulosic ethanol or other biofuel production. Miscanthus is grown in Europe mainly for co-firing in coal power generating facilities. In the United States, SunBelt Biofuels founder Phillip Jennings has worked with Mississippi State's Brian Baldwin to develop an a more effective, marketable Miscanthus grass strain. SunBelt has since developed a program to distribute the strain to growers, refiners, and others interested in the plant(dubbed "Freedom" giant Miscanthus, as the company hopes to reduce American dependence on foreign oil).
Some manufacturers are currently exploring the possibility of using Miscanthus grass as input for plastics and other products traditionally constructed from petroleum fuels.
External links
Mississippi State University press release announcing the viability of Miscanthus grass as a biofuel feedstock.
Miscanthus Study at SERC at Mississippi State University
Miscanthus Study at the University of Illinois
US Can meet US Biofuel goals using less land - A study showing how Miscanthus can create more ethanol with less space
SunBelt BioFuels creators of Freedom giant Miscanthus, the first patented, university-backed strain of Miscanthus grass
International Energy Crops Europe's leading developer and commercial producer of Miscanthus
Miscanthus
Miscanthus x giganteus - as an energy crop - Miscanthus Research at the University of Illinois
NovaBiom Pictures of commercialy grown Miscanthus in Europe
References
^ http://bioenergy.ornl.gov/papers/miscanthus/miscanthus.html
^ old Tolerance of C4 photosynthesis in Miscanthus x giganteus: Adaptation in Amounts and Sequence of C4 Photosynthetic Enzymes. Plant Physiology 132, (2003): 1688-1697.
^ Iris Lewandowski, John Clifton-Brown, Jonathon Scurlock, and Willem Huisman, "Miscanthus: European Experience with a Novel Energy Crop," Biomass & Bioenergy 19, no. 4 (2000): 210.
^ Clifton-Brown, John, Joern Breuer, and Michael Jones. "Carbon Mitigation by the Energy Crop, Miscanthus." Global Change Biology 13, no. 11 (2007): 2296-307.
v d e
Bioenergy
Biofuels
Algae fuel Bagasse Babassu oil Biobutanol Biodiesel Biogas Biogasoline Cellulosic ethanol Corn stover Ethanol fuel Stover Straw Vegetable oil
Energy from Foodstock
Hemp Maize Rapeseed Sorghum bicolor Soybean Sugarcane Sunflower
Non-food Energy Crops
Arundo Big bluestem Chinese tallow Duckweed Jatropha curcas Miscanthus giganteus Switchgrass Pongamia pinnata Wood fuel
Technology
Bioconversion Biomass heating systems Biorefinery Fischer-Tropsch process Industrial biotechnology Pellet mill Pellet stove Thermal depolymerization
Concepts
Cellulosic ethanol commercialization Energy content of biofuel Energy crop Energy forestry EROEI Food vs. fuel Sustainable biofuel
Categories: Poaceae | Energy crops
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