Drive Raid Controller

What To Expect With a RAID Server & Data Recovery

What To Expect With a RAID Server & Data Recovery

Common RAID Server Failures And Data Loss Issues

• RAID controller failure or configuration changed
• Two or more hard drives fail or go offline
• Server crashes and won’t remount the array or volume(s)
• Configuration becomes corrupt or damaged
• Adding incompatible hard drives
• Hardware conflicts
• Software corruption
• Virus infection, software and operating system upgrades

Recovering Data From RAID 0 Hard Drive Configurations

Because data on a RAID array or volume is typically critical to business continuity, when it becomes inaccessible due to one or more hard drives failing, a bad RAID controller, multiple hard drive failure, failed upgrade or damaged striping, RAID status in degraded mode, or errors with the MFT mount points, it is imperative that you shut the server down and get help.

Permanent data loss often occurs when hard drives are swapped, moved from one position to another or placed in other machines in an attempt to rebuild or repair the array. Formatting a boot drive or partition can also damage or remove striping, which reduces the recoverability of data and causes permanent loss.

RAID 0 Configurations

RAID Level 0 requires a minimum of 2 hard drives to implement. A RAID 0 configuration is a striped array without fault tolerance. A benefit to this RAID configuration is that it reduces the hard drives used. If any hard disk fails, the entire volume will be lost completely. For this reason, a RAID 0 configuration should never be used for any server which contains sensitive information, such as a SQL server or Exchange server.

RAID 1 Configurations

RAID Level 1 requires a minimum of 2 drives to implement. For the best performance, the controller must be able to perform two concurrent separate reads per mirrored pair or two duplicate writes per mirrored pair. In certain instances a RAID 1 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure, it also uses the simplest storage design. The overhead is very high at 100%, so RAID 1 may not be ideal for a larger server.

RAID 1+0 Configurations

RAID Level 10 (1+0) requires a minimum of 4 drives to implement. A RAID 10 is a striped array with segments consisting of RAID 1 arrays and having the same fault tolerance as RAID level 1 plus the overhead fault-tolerance of mirroring. In certain instances a RAID 10 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure . Because of limited scalability and high inherent costs, RAID 1+0 is typically used in database server applications like an Exchange Server or SQL database server which requires high performance and high fault tolerance levels.

RAID 0+1 Configurations

RAID Level 0+1 (0+1) requires a minimum of 4 drives to implement. A RAID 0+1 is a striped array with segments consisting of RAID 0+1 arrays and having the same fault tolerance as RAID level 0+1 plus the overhead fault-tolerance of mirroring. In certain instances aRAID 0+1 array can recover from multiple and simultaneous hard drive failure, however, a single drive failure will cause it to run as RAID 0. Because of limited scalability and high inherent costs, RAID 0 +1 is typically used in imaging applications general file servers. It tends to be a high performance solution with reduced emphasis on reliability.

RAID 2 Configurations

RAID Level 2 requires a minimum of 2 drives to implement. Each bit of data word is written to a data disk drive (4 in this example: 0 to 3). Each data word has its Hamming Code ECC word recorded on the ECC disks. On read, the ECC code verifies correct data or corrects single disk errors. In certain instances a RAID 2 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure . The entry level costs for RAID 2 are extremely high, making it not commercially viable. RAID 2 performs ‘on the fly’ error corrections.

RAID 3 Configurations

RAID Level 3 requires a minimum of 3 drives to implement. RAID 3 is highly efficient and single disk failure affects performance only slightly. The data block is subdivided (”striped”) and written on the data disks. Stripe parity is generated on writes, recorded on the parity disk and checked on reads. In certain instances a RAID 3 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure . It is commonly used for applications with very high throughput, such as video production, live streaming, and video editing. Read and write speed is high.

RAID 4 Configurations

RAID Level 4 requires a minimum of 3 drives to implement. Each entire block is written onto a data disk. Parity for same rank blocks is generated on writes, recorded on the parity disk and checked on reads. In certain instances a RAID 4 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure . It has the worst write rate of RAID designs, and has a very complex controller setup, however it reads rapidly and is highly efficient.

RAID 5 Configurations

RAID Level 5 requires a minimum of 3 drives to implement. It is the most versatile array design, and is used for databases, mail servers, file servers, etc. A RAID 5 is a striped array with segments consisting of RAID 5 arrays and has the highest data reading speed of RAID models. Each entire data block is written on a data disk; parity for blocks in the same rank is generated on writes, recorded in a distributed location and checked on reads. In certain instances a RAID 5 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure.

RAID 5+0 Configurations

RAID Level 5+0 requires a minimum of 5 drives to implement. It is highly expensive to implement and due to the required synchronization of the spindles has limited disks that can be used. A RAID 5+0 is a striped array with segments consisting of RAID 3 arrays and has fairly high data transfer rates. In certain instances a RAID 5+0 array can recover from multiple and simultaneoushard drive failure.

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RAID Drive Encryption Management - RAID controller upgrade key $72.99 Intel RAID Drive Encryption Management - RAID controller upgrade key

Addonics 4-port SATA RAID Controller $68.99 0 1 1+0 1+S 300 MBps 4 4 x 7-pin Serial ATA/300 - Serial ATA Internal 4 x Physical 4-port SATA RAID Controller 5 4-port SATA RAID Controller 1 x Standard Height Bracket 1 x Low Profile Bracket Software CD User Guide The 4 port ADSA4R5 provides high speed SATA in a PCI controller supporting RAID5 and JBOD, allowing desktop configurations with only PCI slots to have the newest RAID features. This RAID5/JBOD controller supports configurations of RAID 1, RAID 0, RAID 1+0, RAID 1 + S, RAID5 and JBOD. JBOD combines individual drives into one large volume to show as one drive letter. ADSA4R5 Addonics Addonics Technologies JBOD PC PCI-X Plug-in Card SATA RAID Controller Serial ATA/300 www.addonics.com

SIIG 2-port SATA RAID Controller $73.99 0 1 2 2 x Serial ATA/300 - External SATA 2 x Physical 2-port SATA RAID Controller 300 MBps 2-port SATA RAID Controller Driver CD Quick Installation Guide Two external Serial ATA generation II ports with transfer rates of 3.0Gbps (300MBps). Supports a 1-lane (x1) 2.5Gbps PCI Express bus one way. Supports RAID 0 (striping) for speed, RAID 1 (mirroring) for data protection, and single drive (contiguous). Lifetime PC PCI Express x1 Plug-in Card RoHS SATA RAID Controller SC-SAE312-S3 SIIG SIIG, Inc Serial ATA/300 Yes www.siig.com

Lenovo RAID Controller 45J9047 $133.4 Lenovo RAID Controller 45J9047

Intel RAID Controller RS25AB080 $1870.99 RAID Controller RS25AB080

Intel RAID Controller RS25SB008 $2049.78 RAID Controller RS25AB080

Intel RS2BL080 SAS RAID Controller $508.99 1 10 2 2 x SFF-8087 - Serial Attached SCSI Internal 32 x Physical 5 50 512 MB ECC DDR2 6 60 600 MBps The Intel RAID Controller RS2BL080, a first-generation 6G SAS adapter incorporating LSI MegaRAID technology, offers unprecedented performance with exceptional data protection and design flexibility. Features including LSI SAS2108 6Gb/s RAID on Chip (ROC) silicon and a native PCI Express Generation 2 architecture allow for significant performance gains for both 3Gb/s and 6Gb/s drive-based solutions. Data protection and availability are enhanced by new features including Decision Feedback Equalization for greater signal integrity, enhanced diagnostics, and more robust error reporting. Intel Intel Corporation Low-profile Plug-in Card PCI Express x8 Plug-in Card RS2BL080 RS2BL080 SAS RAID Controller SAS RAID Controller Serial Attached SCSI www.intel.com

Micronet Storage Controller (RAID) - ESATA-300 - PCI-X. Each $74.44 Manufacturer: Micronet. Each. Device Type: Storage controller (RAID) - plug-in card Interface Type: PCI-X Controller Interface Type: eSATA-300 Data Transfer Rate: 300 MBps Supported Devices: Hard drive, disk array (RAID) Channel Qty: 4 RAID Level: RAID 0

Intel RS25GB008 RAID Controller RS2BL080 $567.46 Intel SAS Controller RS25GB008 integrates the latest enhancements in PCI Express and SAS technology. The SAS controller supports medium to large capacity server storage applications by connecting a 5GT/s 8lane PCI Express bus with two external x4 SFF8088 connectors. Ports: 2 x SFF8088 6Gb/s SAS MiniSAS External. Form Factor: Lowprofile Plugin Card. Data Transfer Rate: Up to 600 MBps Per Port. RAID Levels: JBOD. Host Interface: PCI Express 2.0 x8. Interfaces Serial: Attached SCSI (SAS). Serial: ATA/600. Drive Supported: 1024 x Physical. Platform Supported: PC. Number of Ports: 2.

LSI Logic SAS3081E-R SAS RAID Controller $243.99 0 1 10E 1E 2 2 x SFF-8484 - Mini-SAS Internal 300 MBps The SAS3081E-R SAS RAID controller provides the greatest available throughput to internal server storage arrays through eight internal 3 Gb/s ports, driving up to 244 SAS and SATA devices. This card offers dynamic SAS functionality including dual-port drive redundancy and SATA compatibility. Utilizing SFF-8087 mini SAS connectors, the low-profile SAS3081E-R is an excellent fit for 1U/2U servers driving up to 4800 MB/s full-duplex. The SAS3081E-R SAS RAID controller also offers Integrated RAID 0, 1, 1E and 10E for reliable data protection with high availability. LSI Logic LSI Logic Corp LSI00182 Low-profile Plug-in Card PC PCI Express Plug-in Card SAS RAID Controller SAS3081E-R SAS3081E-R SAS RAID Controller Serial Attached SCSI www.lsilogic.com

Cisco LSI 1064E Controller-Based Mezzanine Card - Storage Controller (RAID) - SATA-300 / SAS. Each $154 Manufacturer: Cisco Systems, Inc. Each. Device Type: Storage controller (RAID) - plug-in card Controller Interface Type: Serial ATA-300 / SAS Data Transfer Rate: 300 MBps Supported Devices: Hard drive, disk array (RAID) Channel Qty: 4 RAID Level: RAID 0,

SIIG eSATA II PCIe Pro RAID - storage controller (RAID) - eSATA-300 - PCI Express x1. Each $80.96 Manufacturer: SIIG, Inc.. Each. Device Type: Storage controller (RAID) - plug-in card Interface Type: PCI Express x1 Controller Interface Type: eSATA-300 Data Transfer Rate: 300 MBps Supported Devices: Hard drive, disk array (RAID) Channel Qty: 2 RAID Lev

Adaptec 2020S RAID Controller with Battery (NINRP) $55.6 This innovative PCI-X controller option works directly with the onboard SCSI chipset to provide RAID-protected data storage in select IBM eServer xSeries servers. This RAID controller supports both Ultra320 and Ultra160 SCSI hard disk drive technologies.Manufacturer Part Number: ASR2020SManufacturer: AdaptecProduct Type: RAID ControllerSupported Devices: Disk array (RAID)Buffer Size: 128 MBData Transfer Rate: 320 MBpsController Interface Type: Ultra320 SCSIInterface required: PCI-X / 133 MHzGeneral Compatibility: PCDimensions: 4.5 inches wide x 1.5 inches deep x 6.5 inches highWeight: 1.5 pounds

Intel RS2MB044 Raid Controller Serial Attached SCSI $1112.67 The Intel RAID Controller RS2MB044 part of Intel s portfolio of 6Gb/s SAS adapters offers unprecedented performance with exceptional data protection and design flexibility. With four internal and four external ports the Intel RAID Controller RS2MB044 supports both internal drive storage and external JBOD expansion. Using the external SAS ports multiple JBODs can be connected to a server providing a scalable and affordable solution for growing storage requirements.

Intel RAID Premium Feature Key Drive Encryption Management - Storage Controller Upgrade Card. Each $79.85 Manufacturer: Intel Corporation. Each. Product Type: Storage controller upgrade card Customers also search for: Discount Intel RAID Premium Feature Key Drive Encryption Management - Storage Controller Upgrade Card, Buy Intel RAID Premium Feature Key Driv

Intel RAID Controller RS2WC040 - Storage Controller (RAID) - SATA-300 / SAS 2.0 - PCI Express 2.0 X8. Each $291.44 Manufacturer: Intel Corporation. Each. The Intel RAID Controller RS2WC040 includes features such LSI's SAS2008 6Gb/s I/O Controller (IOC) and a native PCI Express 2.0 architecture to deliver essential performance for 3Gb/s and 6Gb/s drive-based solutions.

Intel RAID Controller RS2WC080 - Storage Controller (RAID) - SATA-300 / SAS 2.0 - PCI Express 2.0 X8. Each $335.84 Manufacturer: Intel Corporation. Each. The Intel RAID Controller RS2WC080 includes features such LSI's SAS2008 6Gbps I/O Controller (IOC) and a native PCI Express 2.0 architecture to deliver essential performance for 3Gbps and 6Gbps drive-based solutions.

Promise FASTTRAK100TX2 FastTrak IDE RAID ATA-100 Controller $45.72 This dual-channel RAID card offers powerful options for small office/home office and professional workstations at incredible values. Creates economical fault-tolerant RAID 1 arrays for entry-level networks.Interface type: PCIController interface type: ATA-100Data transfer rate: 100 MBpsSupported devices: Hard drive, CD drive, DVD drive, disk array (RAID)Channel quantity: 2Maximum storage devices quantity: 4RAID level: RAID 0, RAID 1Interfaces: 2 x storage - ATA-100 - 40 pin IDC ( internal )Model: FASTTRAK100TX2Dimensions: 3.1 inches wide x 0.5 inches deep x 4.5 inches highIncluded items: IDE Controller, softwareWeight: 1.5 pounds

HP 468406-B21 24-port SAS RAID Controller $354.99 1 1 x Mini-SAS SAS 600 - Serial Attached SCSI 3 Year 4.38" Height x 6.60" Width - Without Bracket 468406-B21 468406-B21 24-port SAS RAID Controller 600 MBps 64 x Logical 8 8 x Mini-SAS SAS 600 - Serial Attached SCSI HP Smart Array Controllers: P410 P410i The HP Smart SAS Expander Card enhances the Smart Array controller family by allowing support for more then 8 internal hard disk drives on select ProLiant servers when connected to a Smart Array P410 Controller (SA-P410) or Smart Array P410i Controller (SAP410i). The full height, Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) expander card supports up to 24 internal drive bays plus an external connection for tape. The HP SAS Expander Card is ideal for ProLiant server customers that want to RAID more than 8 internal hard disk drives or for ProLiant server customers who purchase an additional internal drive cage and want to be able to RAID across all internal drives. Full-height Plug-in Card HP Hewlett-Packard PC PCI Express Plug-in Card SAS RAID Controller Serial Attached SCSI WEEE Yes www.hp.com

Intel® RAID Drive Encryption Mgmt. Each $79.85 Manufacturer: Intel Corporation. Each. Intel RAID premium feature key enables full disk encryption feature. This feature enables the Intel RAID controller to manage data security protection for Self Encrypting Drives (SED). Product Type: RAID controller

HighPoint Rocket storage controller (RAID) $121.99 HighPoint Rocket - Storage controller (RAID)

Intel / RAID Controller RS2BL080 / RS25GB008 $380.1 Intel - RAID Controller RS2BL080 - RS25GB008

Intel / RAID Controller RS2VB080 / RS2VB080 $790.8 Intel - RAID Controller RS2VB080 - RS2VB080

Compaq 5I Raid Controller 11003003 $129.75 Compaq 5I Raid Controller 11003003

MPT 2 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller $23.99 0 1 2 2 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller 2 x 7-pin Serial ATA/150 - Serial ATA 2 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller Low Profile PCI Bracket Drivers on CD Quick Installation guide This PCI Host Adapter can upgrade your desktop computer to have dual Serial ATA RAID Channels. It can support Low profile PCI and regular size PCI both. The board provides a 32bit, 33/66 MHz PCI interface on the host side and dual, fully compliant Serial ATA ports on the device side to access Serial ATA hard disk drive. Striping (RAID 0) and Mirroring (RAID 1) improve the data performance and provide the data redundancy. Dual-profile Plug-in Card MPT Micropac Technologies PC PCI Plug-in Card SATA RAID Controller SBT-SRD2 Serial ATA Up to 150 MBps Up to 2 x Physical www.micropactech.com

Intel Corp. RS2BL040 RAID Controller RS2BL040 $575.57 Intel RAID Controller RS2BL040 a member of Intel s 6Gb/s SAS adapter family is targeted at solutions with expander backplanes or low drive counts. Features including LSI s SAS2108 6Gb/s RAID on Chip (ROC) silicon and a native PCI Express 2.0 architecture allow for significant performance gains for both 3Gb/s and 6Gb/s drivebased solutions versus prior generation RAID adapters. Data protection and availability are enhanced by new features including Decision Feedback Equalization for greater signal integrity enhanced diagnostics and more robust error reporting.

Adaptec 2420SA Serial ATA II RAID Controller $272.99 0 1 10 2169300-R 2420SA Serial ATA II RAID Controller 3 Year 3.10" Height x 6.60" Width 3.3 V DC 32°F (0°C) to 131°F (55°C) Operating 4 4 x 7-pin SATA Serial ATA II - Serial ATA Internal 5 2420SA Serial ATA II RAID Controller 4 x 1-meter Serial ATA cables Standard full size bracket - Low-profile bracket also included Quick Install Guide RAID Installation CD (bootable) including drivers and documentation Installation CD including management software and documentation Intel or AMD architecture with available 64-bit 3.3v PCI-X slot Supports EM64T and AMD64 architectures Standard RAID Features: Hot spares RAID Level Migration Online Capacity Expansion Optimized Disk Utilization S.M.A.R.T. and SNMP support Optional RAID Features: Advanced Data Protection Suite including: Hot Space (RAID 5EE) Striped Mirror (RAID 1E) Dual Drive Failure Protection (RAID 6 and 60) Snapshot Backup Copyback Hot Spare Supported Operating Systems: Windows 2000, SP4 (Professional, Advanced Server, Server, Enterprise) - 32bit only Windows XP, SP1 and SP2 (Home Edition and Professional) - 32bit and 64bit Windows Server 2003, OOB and SP1 (Web, Standard, Enterprise) - 32bit and 64bit Netware 6.5 FreeBSD 5.3 and 5.4 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 - 32bit and 64bit Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 - 32bit and 64bit SuSE Enterprise Linux 8 - 32bit and 64bit SuSE Enterprise Linux 9 - 32bit and 64bit The Adaptec Serial ATA II RAID 2420SA card is a four-port controller that supports SATA or SATA II direct attached disk drives. It features the Adaptec AIC-8210 SATA RAID-on-Chip (ROC) ASIC and Adaptec RAID Code (ARC) with standard RAID 0, 1, 5 and 10 as well as an optional Advanced Data Protection Suite. With the industry's most advanced feature set, the Adaptec 2420SA provides the highest level of data protection. Adaptec Storage Manager Software Adaptec Adaptec AIC-8210 Adaptec, Inc Half-size Plug-in Card PC PCI-X Plug-in Card SATA RAID Controller Serial ATA/300 Up to 300 MBps Per Port Up to 4 x Physical www.adaptec.com

Fantom Platinum RAID Hard Drive Array $1523.99 (5 Total/5 Populated) 0 1 1 Year Limited 1 x Intel IOP321 128 MB Serial ATA/300 RAID Controller 10 3 5 5 TB Installed 5 TB Installed/5 TB Maximum 5 x Serial ATA Hot-swappable 9-pin - DB-9 - RS-232 - Serial Micronet Platinum RAID Hard Drive Array SCSI Cable DB9 Serial Cable Power Cord Installation Software on Media The New Platinum RAID Ultra320 SCSI is Ultra320 host bus to SATA II drive bus intelligent RAID controller featuring parity and redundant RAID capabilities. The RAID controller is a cost-effective SATA disk drive array subsystem with completely integrated high performance and data protection capabilities which are easily integrated into servers and workstations. It can also meet the rapidly growing demand from the Small to Medium Enterprise and SOHO market. Fantom Hard Drive Array JBOD MicroNet Technology Micronet Platinum RAID Hard Drive Array PR5000SC320 Platinum RAID SCSI Serial Serial ATA Serial ATA/300 Tower Ultra320 SCSI - SCSI www.micronet.com

MPT 4 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller $34.99 0 1 1+0 1+S 4 4 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller 4 x 7-pin Serial ATA/150 - Serial ATA 4 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller Low Profile PCI Bracket Drivers on CD Quick Installation guide This PCI Host Adapter can upgrade your desktop computer to have four Serial ATA RAID Channels. It can support Low profile PCI and regular size PCI both. The board provides a 32bit, 33/66 MHz PCI interface on the host side and fully compliant Serial ATA ports on the device side to access Serial ATA Serial ATA storage media such as hard disk drive, ZIP drive, CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD-ROM. Dual-profile Plug-in Card MPT Micropac Technologies PC PCI Plug-in Card SATA RAID Controller SBT-SRD4 Serial ATA Up to 150 MBps Up to 4 x Physical www.micropactech.com

Intel RAID Controller RS2SG244 - Storage Controller (RAID) - SAS - PCI Express 2.0 X8. Each $1232.09 Manufacturer: Intel Corporation. Each. The Intel RAID Controller RS2SG244, with twenty-four internal, and four external ports, supports both internal drive storage and external JBOD expansion for up to 240 SATA or SAS drives. With a large number of intern

Addonics ADSA2 Serial ATA RAID Controller $31.99 0 1 1 Year 2 2 x 7-pin SATA - Serial ATA 2.48" Height x 4.92" Width x 0.74" Thickness Built-in RAID 0 and RAID 1 support Can be configured to operate as a non-RAID or RAID controller Support large hard drives of 137 GB or greater Integrated PCI DMA engines Independent 256-byte FIFOs (32 bit*64 deep) per Serial ATA channel for host reads and writes Upgradeable firmware Fits standard Desktop case and low profile systems Hot swap device can be removed and added without system shut down or restart PC/AT or Compatible System Pentium or greater Minimum 32 MB RAM 10 MB minimum free hard disk space One free PCI slot Plug and Play Compatible with ATA33/66/100/133 hard drives and ATATPI devices using the optional Addonics IDE to Serial ATA converter Work with any Serial ATA drive Serial ATA PCI host controller with standard height bracket and 1 low profile bracket Software CD User Guide Looking to get more speed out of your hard drive, hot swap capability and better air flow in the over crowded interior of your desktop computer? Addonics Serial ATA line of product is your answer. The Addonics Serial ATA PCI host controller is the most cost effective solution for adding Serial ATA capability to your Desktop computer. Coupling with Addonics IDE-Serial ATA converter, adding serial ATA to any desktop computer is easy and affordable. ADSA2 ADSA2 Serial ATA RAID Controller Addonics Addonics Technologies PCI Plug-in Card SATA RAID Controller Up to 150 MBps www.addonics.com

CRU 0043-7220-5280 DAS Hard Drive Array - Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Controller - RAID Supported - 4 x Total Bays 004372205280 $509.01 CRU 0043-7220-5280 DAS Hard Drive Array - Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Controller - RAID Supported - 4 x Total Bays 004372205280

Synology Inc. Synology DX1211 DAS Hard Drive Array - Serial ATA/300 Controller - RAID Supported - 12 x Total Bays - eSATA Ex... $1417.62 Synology Inc. Synology DX1211 DAS Hard Drive Array - Serial ATA/300 Controller - RAID Supported - 12 x Total Bays - eSATA Ex...

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